{"id":210,"date":"2014-12-02T18:32:17","date_gmt":"2014-12-02T08:32:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aviation-medical.com.au\/?post_type=portfolio&#038;p=210"},"modified":"2019-09-22T12:09:22","modified_gmt":"2019-09-22T02:09:22","slug":"vestibular-illusions","status":"publish","type":"portfolio","link":"https:\/\/aviation-medical.com.au\/flying\/vestibular-illusions\/","title":{"rendered":"Vestibular Illusions"},"content":{"rendered":"<section  class='av_textblock_section av-2usffu-7451c789ada7adf03f3147d8fc9a288d'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3>What is Spatial Disorientation?<\/h3>\n<p>Spatial disorientation (SD) will often be demonstrated at an early stage of IFR Training, to teach the pilot to <em>trust\u00a0<\/em>what the instruments are telling them.<\/p>\n<p>SD is the inability to correctly interpret aircraft attitude or airspeed or altitude in relation to the Earth or other points of reference &#8211; an inability to determine the pilot&#8217;s position in space.<\/p>\n<p>Spacial Disorientation\u00a0 is a common experience for most pilots at some stage in their career from junior to senior pilots. SD is common with most pilots having experienced it at some stage (Questionnaire Research). SD may also be <em>unrecognised\u00a0<\/em>and that is a more common cause of accidents than recognised SD.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div class='flex_column av-2nvfpe-471dba54416202d41c59060c89bd0256 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-2mn9fe-7cd0c96ef416ef6112a5e4f7b0ef2be7\">\n.avia-image-container.av-2mn9fe-7cd0c96ef416ef6112a5e4f7b0ef2be7 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-2mn9fe-7cd0c96ef416ef6112a5e4f7b0ef2be7 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-2mn9fe-7cd0c96ef416ef6112a5e4f7b0ef2be7 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-2  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img class='wp-image-187 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-187 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/aviation-medical.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Orientation-in-Aviation1.jpg\" alt='' title='Orientation in Aviation'  height=\"346\" width=\"346\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aviation-medical.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Orientation-in-Aviation1.jpg 346w, https:\/\/aviation-medical.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Orientation-in-Aviation1-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/aviation-medical.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Orientation-in-Aviation1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/aviation-medical.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Orientation-in-Aviation1-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/aviation-medical.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Orientation-in-Aviation1-180x180.jpg 180w, https:\/\/aviation-medical.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Orientation-in-Aviation1-120x120.jpg 120w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 346px) 100vw, 346px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-2c5zmy-42718c2b62cebee8d9193089d6cae46e\">\n.flex_column.av-2c5zmy-42718c2b62cebee8d9193089d6cae46e{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-2c5zmy-42718c2b62cebee8d9193089d6cae46e av_one_half  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_hr  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding column-top-margin'     ><article  class='iconbox iconbox_left av-27xsgy-cc1bce4c3992dae49b91abf92c84290b  avia-builder-el-4  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconbox_content\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><div class=\"iconbox_icon heading-color\" aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue812' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/div><h3 class='iconbox_content_title '  itemprop=\"headline\" >Orientation<\/h3><\/header><div class='iconbox_content_container '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Orientation\u00a0<\/strong>requires the <em>integration<\/em> of sensory inputs from different sensory systems:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The eyes account for around 80% of orientation.<\/li>\n<li>The Vestibular system (balance\u00a0system\u00a0of the inner ear) accounts for around 10% of orientation.<\/li>\n<li>Proprioception (nerve endings in the muscles, joints and skin) accounts for around 10% of orientation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-23177u-f31920d23b5bef95a0337b214195a87e\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-23177u-f31920d23b5bef95a0337b214195a87e{\nheight:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-23177u-f31920d23b5bef95a0337b214195a87e hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-5  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_half '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column av-1xhtqy-ba106fb9cc0f916f2113c6c2fbc7fa03 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1smpqi-9ae427d30ae50ef1eab3a3c01458e515\">\n.avia-image-container.av-1smpqi-9ae427d30ae50ef1eab3a3c01458e515 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-1smpqi-9ae427d30ae50ef1eab3a3c01458e515 .av-caption-image-overlay-bg{\nopacity:0.4;\nbackground-color:#444444;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-1smpqi-9ae427d30ae50ef1eab3a3c01458e515 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-1smpqi-9ae427d30ae50ef1eab3a3c01458e515 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-7  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  noHover av-overlay-on-hover'   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><div class=\"av-image-caption-overlay\"><div class=\"av-caption-image-overlay-bg\"><\/div><div class=\"av-image-caption-overlay-position\"><div class=\"av-image-caption-overlay-center\"><p>Presbyopia: Seeing close-up needs Correction<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><img class='wp-image-222 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-222 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/aviation-medical.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Vestibular-illusions-for-Pilots.jpg\" alt='' title='Vestibular Illusions for Pilots'  height=\"272\" width=\"442\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aviation-medical.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Vestibular-illusions-for-Pilots.jpg 442w, https:\/\/aviation-medical.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/11\/Vestibular-illusions-for-Pilots-300x184.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 442px) 100vw, 442px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1nej1m-d3412d70006aa908805ad00663031ad3\">\n.flex_column.av-1nej1m-d3412d70006aa908805ad00663031ad3{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-1nej1m-d3412d70006aa908805ad00663031ad3 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_hr  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding '     ><article  class='iconbox iconbox_left av-1gqo0i-6d10882dba9879ce84b69a9294637ee1  avia-builder-el-9  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconbox_content\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><div class=\"iconbox_icon heading-color\" aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue8c5' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/div><h3 class='iconbox_content_title '  itemprop=\"headline\" >Vesibular Illusions<\/h3><\/header><div class='iconbox_content_container '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>The different types of Vestibular Illusions are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Somatogyric Illusions<\/li>\n<li>Somatogravic Illusions<\/li>\n<li>The Leans<\/li>\n<li>Coriolis Effect<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1a8nmq-8fc55d7b047e61341777beceeeee7903\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-1a8nmq-8fc55d7b047e61341777beceeeee7903{\nheight:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-1a8nmq-8fc55d7b047e61341777beceeeee7903 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-10ul3u-50a124bbb4a5450ba219fb4a36129cd0'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3>What are the different types of Vestibular Illusions in Aviation?<\/h3>\n<p>The most common type of Vestibular Illusion in Aviation is <strong>The Leans<\/strong>. Let&#8217;s say a pilot is flying VFR and is looking at the chart and fails to notice a gradual turn. The semicircular canals will normally fail to detect a very <em>gradual<\/em> turn. However, now the pilot looks up and returns the aircraft <em>quickly<\/em> to straight and level. The leans may be experienced <em>as if<\/em> the aircraft still\u00a0<em>rolling<\/em>. The pilot will want to &#8220;lean&#8221; the aircraft. This is a dangerous situation for a non-IFR rated pilot who tries to fly visually in IMC.<\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0next most common type of vestibular illusion that occurs during a turn is the\u00a0<strong>Somatogyric illusion <\/strong>&#8211;\u00a0best known as\u00a0the <strong>graveyard spin.\u00a0<\/strong>During the initial part of a steep turn, the cupula of the semicircular canals detect angular (rotatory) acceleration and send signals of this\u00a0movement to the brainstem. During the <em>steady<\/em> turn itself, the cupula return to normal and the pilot may feel as though the aircraft is no longer turning. The issue occurs when <em>returning to straight and level<\/em> because this movement will again fire up the cupula to send a\u00a0neurological signal \u00a0to the brain that a movement is occurring in the\u00a0<em>opposite direction to the original turn<\/em>. The pilot may then try to turn the &#8220;other way&#8221; &#8211; which is in the direction of the original turn. The Somatogyric illusion classically occurs when a VFR pilot flies into IMC and enters a spiral dive. Attempted recovery leads to a re-entry into the same direction of spiral dive due to the somatogyric illusion.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Corolis Effect<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Coriolis effect is caused when the head moves out of the plane of rotation. This is felt on a fairground ride when someone puts their head down whilst the ride is going around in a different plane. In aviation, this may occur when an aircraft is <em>turning<\/em>\u00a0and the pilot reaches <em>down<\/em> to pick up something that has fallen on the floor. The pilot&#8217;s head was originally rotating in one plane (aircraft rolling in the direction of turn) but then rotates in another plane by looking downwards (pitching). The vestibular system cannot reconcile this &#8211; and vertigo occurs.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Somatogravic<\/strong> illusions are experienced during rapid acceleration as the feeling of pitching up &#8211; resulting in the pilot pointing the nose downwards. This is an issue, for example, during fast jet departure from an aircraft carrier using a sling system &#8211; but is not a day to day experience for most pilots!<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-32d5m-8b1b0eed039766654e58f057ca2e5192\">\n.flex_column.av-32d5m-8b1b0eed039766654e58f057ca2e5192{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-32d5m-8b1b0eed039766654e58f057ca2e5192 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-12  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding column-top-margin'     ><p><div  class='hr av-r22iq-22c9f49e091691c2f1aa40695084f672 hr-default  avia-builder-el-13  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-kj1ve-adfc8daa8a97906cbd3c15fe4129c52a'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h6>Dr Dick Beatty, specialist GP &#038; Designated Aviation Medical Examiner; BM FRACGP MRCP(UK) ACCAM<\/h6>\n<h6>Last Reviewed \/ Modified: \u00a012\/12\/2014<\/h6>\n<h6>First Published: 2\/12\/2014<\/h6>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='hr av-1acde-77e2a402f53b9f81c791da5991ca165b hr-default  avia-builder-el-15  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_social_share '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<div  class='av-social-sharing-box av-89v5m-acc81eac18758ab9e03d5ea8467b9062 av-social-sharing-box-default  avia-builder-el-16  el_after_av_hr  avia-builder-el-last  av-social-sharing-box-fullwidth'><div class=\"av-share-box\"><h5 class='av-share-link-description av-no-toc '>Share this entry<\/h5><ul class=\"av-share-box-list noLightbox\"><li class='av-share-link 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